主題單字：常見介系詞總整理 (Prepositions)
哈囉！介系詞 (Prepositions) 雖然通常是些小字，但在句子中扮演著連接詞語、說明關係的關鍵角色！它們能告訴我們時間、地點、方向等等資訊。介系詞後面通常會接名詞、代名詞或動名詞。讓我們來認識這些常見的介系詞吧！
{/* */}about prep. [əˋbaʊt] 關於；大約 adv. 大約；四處
On the subject of; concerning. / Approximately. (關於；涉及。/ 大約。)
Tell me about your trip. (跟我說說你旅行的事吧。)
It costs about $100. (這個大約要 100 元。 - 副詞)
above prep./adv. [əˋbʌv] 在...上方；超過
In or to a higher position than something else; more than a particular amount. (在比某物更高的地方；超過特定數量。)
The picture hangs above the sofa. (畫掛在沙發上方。)
The temperature is above 30 degrees. (氣溫在 30 度以上。)
across prep./adv. [əˋkrɔs] 穿過；在...對面
From one side to the other of (something). (從某物的一邊到另一邊。)
He swam across the river. (他游過了河。)
The bank is just across the street. (銀行就在街對面。)
after prep. [ˋæftɚ] 在...之後 conj. 在...之後 adv. 之後
During the period of time following (an event). (在（某事件）之後的時間段內。)
Let's meet after class. (我們下課後見面吧。)
against prep. [əˋɡɛnst] 倚靠；反對
In opposition to; leaning on. (反對；倚靠著。)
He leaned against the wall. (他倚靠在牆上。)
Are you for or against this plan? (你贊成還是反對這個計畫？)
along prep. [əˋlɔŋ] 沿著 adv. 向前
Moving in a constant direction on (a road, path, or route). (沿著（道路、小徑或路線）朝一個固定方向移動。)
We walked along the river bank. (我們沿著河岸散步。)
among prep. [əˋmʌŋ] 在...之中 (三者或以上)
Situated more or less centrally in relation to (several other things). (或多或少位於（其他幾個事物）的中心位置。)
There is a hidden house among the trees. (樹叢中有間隱蔽的房子。)
注意：與 between (兩者之間) 不同。
around prep./adv. [əˋraʊnd] 環繞；在...附近；大約
Located or situated on every side. / Near to. / Approximately. (位於每一側。/ 靠近。/ 大約。)
They sat around the table. (他們圍著桌子坐。)
補充：`round` 也可作介系詞，意思與 around 相似。
at prep. [æt] 在...(地點)；在...(時間點)
Used to indicate a specific location or time. (用於指示特定地點或時間。)
Meet me at the station at 6 PM. (晚上六點在車站跟我碰面。)
before prep. [bɪˋfor] 在...之前 conj. 在...之前 adv. 以前
During the period of time preceding (a particular event or time). (在（特定事件或時間）之前的時間段內。)
Wash your hands before meals. (飯前洗手。)
behind prep./adv. [bɪˋhaɪnd] 在...後面
At or to the far side or back of something. (在某物的遠側或後面。)
The cat is hiding behind the curtain. (貓躲在窗簾後面。)
below prep./adv. [bɪˋlo] 在...下方
At a lower level or layer than. (在比...更低的水平或層次。)
The temperature is below zero. (氣溫在零度以下。)
beside prep. [bɪˋsaɪd] 在...旁邊
At the side of; next to. (在...的旁邊；緊鄰。)
He sat beside me on the bench. (他坐在我旁邊的長椅上。)
besides prep. [bɪˋsaɪdz] 除...之外（還）adv. 此外
In addition to; apart from. / Also; moreover. (除了...還有；除了...之外。/ 也；此外。)
Besides English, she also speaks French. (除了英文，她還會說法文。)
I don't want to go; besides, I'm too tired. (我不想去；此外，我也太累了。- 副詞)
注意：不要和 beside (在旁邊) 搞混。
between prep. [bɪˋtwin] 在...(兩者)之間
At, into, or across the space separating (two objects or regions). (在、進入或橫跨分隔（兩個物體或區域）的空間。)
The shop is between the bank and the library. (商店在銀行和圖書館之間。)
注意：與 among (三者或以上之間) 不同。
beyond prep./adv. [bɪˋjɑnd] 超越；在...較遠的一邊
At or to the further side of. / Further away. (在或到...的更遠一邊。/ 更遠處。)
The mountains lie beyond the river. (群山位於河流的另一邊。)
His ability is beyond my expectation. (他的能力超出我的預期。)
but prep. [bʌt] 除了...之外 conj. 但是
Except; apart from. / Used to introduce a phrase or clause contrasting with what has already been mentioned. (除了。/ 用於引出與前面提及內容相反的片語或子句。)
Everyone came but John. (除了約翰，大家都來了。) (= except John)
by prep. [baɪ] 藉由；在...旁邊；不遲於 adv. 經過
Indicating the means of achieving something. / Beside. / Not later than. / Past. (指示達成某事的方法。/ 在旁邊。/ 不遲於。/ 經過。)
I go to work by bus. (我搭公車上班。)
Please finish it by Friday. (請在星期五前完成。)
down prep./adv. [daʊn] 向下
Towards or in a lower place or position. (朝向或在較低的地方或位置。)
He walked down the hill. (他走下山丘。)
during prep. [ˋdjʊrɪŋ] 在...期間
Throughout the course or duration of (a period of time). (在（一段時間）的整個過程中。)
Don't talk during the movie. (看電影期間不要說話。)
except prep. [ɪkˋsɛpt] 除了...之外
Not including; other than. (不包括；除了...之外。)
The museum is open every day except Monday. (博物館除了星期一每天都開放。)
注意：but 作為介系詞時意思相似。
for prep. [fɔr] 為了；達(一段時間)；對於 conj. 因為
Intended to be given to or used by. / Indicating the length of a period of time. (意圖給予或使用的。/ 指示一段時間的長度。)
This letter is for you. (這封信是給你的。)
He has worked here for ten years. (他已經在這裡工作十年了。)
from prep. [frʌm] 從；來自
Indicating the starting point or the source. (指示起點或來源。)
The train from Taipei has arrived. (從台北來的火車已經到達了。)
in prep. [ɪn] 在...裡面；在...(時間) adv. 在裡面
Inside a container, place, or area. / During a period of time. (在容器、地方或區域內部。/ 在一段時間內。)
The keys are in the drawer. (鑰匙在抽屜裡。)
He was born in 1990. (他出生於 1990 年。)
inside prep./adv./adj./n. [ˋɪnˋsaɪd] 在...裡面(的)；內部
On, in, or to the inner part or side of something. (在某物的內部或內側。)
It's warm inside the house. (房子裡面很暖和。)
into prep. [ˋɪntu] 進入...裡面
Expressing movement or action with the result that someone or something becomes enclosed or surrounded. (表示移動或動作，結果是某人或某物被包圍或圍住。)
Don't put your fingers into the electric socket! (不要把手指伸進電源插座裡！)
like prep. [laɪk] 像 v. 喜歡
Similar to; in the same way as. / To find pleasant or enjoyable. (類似於；以相同方式。/ 覺得愉快或享受。)
She sings like an angel. (她唱歌像天使一樣。)
near prep./adj./adv. [nɪr] 在...附近；靠近的(地)
At or to a short distance away from (a place). / Close to. (距離（某地）很近。/ 靠近的。)
Is there a bank near here? (這附近有銀行嗎？)
of prep. [ɑv] ...的；屬於
Expressing the relationship between a part and a whole or indicating belonging. (表達部分與整體之間的關係或表示歸屬。)
He is the captain of the team. (他是這支隊伍的隊長。)
off prep./adv. [ɔf] 離開；從...掉下
Away from the place in question; down or away from a place. (離開所討論的地方；從地方落下或離開。)
Get off the bus at the next stop. (在下一站下車。)
on prep. [ɑn] 在...上面；在...(時間) adv. 繼續
Physically in contact with and supported by (a surface). / Indicating the day or part of a day. / Continuing. (物理上接觸並被（表面）支撐。/ 指示日期或一天中的某部分。/ 繼續。)
The cat is sleeping on the roof. (貓在屋頂上睡覺。)
See you on Friday. (星期五見。)
補充：`upon` [əˋpɑn] 是 on 的較正式用法，意思相同。
opposite prep./adj./n. [ˋɑpəzɪt] 在...對面；相反的(地)；對立面
In a position on the other side of a specific area from; facing. / Completely different. (在特定區域的另一側；面對著。/ 完全不同的。)
My house is opposite the park. (我家在公園對面。)
out adv./prep. [aʊt] 在外；出去
Moving away from a place. (離開一個地方。)
He took a book out of his bag. (他從包裡拿出一本書。 - 介系詞)
outside prep./adv./adj./n. [ˋaʊtˋsaɪd] 在...外面(的)；外面
Situated on or relating to the outer side or surface of something. (位於某物的外部或與之相關的。)
Wait for me outside the school gate. (在校門外等我。)
over prep./adv. [ˋovɚ] 在...上方；越過；結束
Extending directly upwards from; across from one side to the other. / Finished. (直接從...向上延伸；從一邊到另一邊。/ 結束。)
He jumped over the fence. (他跳過了柵欄。)
past prep./adj./n./adv. [pæst] 經過；過去的(地)
To or on the further side of. / Gone by in time. (到或在...的更遠一邊。/ 時間上已過去的。)
Walk past the post office and turn left. (走過郵局然後左轉。)
It's half past two. (現在是兩點半。)
per prep. [pɝ] 每
For each. (對於每一個。)
The speed limit is 60 kilometers per hour. (速限是每小時 60 公里。)
plus prep./conj./adj./n. [plʌs] 加；加上
With the addition of. (加上...。)
Two plus three equals five. (二加三等於五。)
round prep./adv./adj./n./v. [raʊnd] 環繞；圓的(地)；回合
Around. / Shaped like a circle. (環繞。/ 圓形的。)
The Earth goes round the Sun. (地球繞著太陽轉。) (用法同 around)
since prep. [sɪns] 自從...以來 conj. 自從 adv. 此後
From a definite past time until now. (從過去某個確定時間點直到現在。)
He has been sick since last Monday. (他從上週一就生病了。)
through prep./adv. [θru] 穿過；通過；自始至終
Moving in one side and out of the other side of. / From beginning to end. (從一側進入並從另一側出來。/ 從頭到尾。)
The train went through a long tunnel. (火車穿過了一條長隧道。)
till prep./conj. [tɪl] 直到...為止
Until. (直到...。)
Wait till tomorrow. (等到明天。) (until 的簡略說法)
to prep. [tu] 到；向；對於
Expressing motion in the direction of (a particular location). (表示朝向（特定地點）的移動。)
Let's go to the park. (我們去公園吧。)
toward prep. [tord] 朝向
In the direction of. (朝...的方向。)
He is walking toward us. (他正朝我們走來。)
under prep./adv. [ˋʌndɚ] 在...下方
Extending or directly below. (在...正下方延伸。)
The cat is sleeping under the bed. (貓在床底下睡覺。)
until prep./conj. [ʌnˋtɪl] 直到...為止
Up to the point in time or the event mentioned. (直到提及的時間點或事件為止。)
The shop is open until 9 PM. (商店開到晚上九點。)
注意：till 是 until 的簡略說法。
up prep./adv. [ʌp] 向上
Towards a higher place or position. (朝向較高的地方或位置。)
He looked up at the stars. (他抬頭看著星星。 - 副詞)
upon prep. [əˋpɑn] 在...之上
More formal term for on. (on 的較正式說法。)
Once upon a time, there was a king... (從前從前，有一位國王...) (常用於故事開頭)
with prep. [wɪð] 和...一起；用；帶有
Accompanied by. / Indicating the instrument used. / Having or possessing. (伴隨著。/ 指示使用的工具。/ 擁有。)
I went shopping with my mom. (我和媽媽一起去購物。)
Cut the paper with scissors. (用剪刀剪紙。)
within prep./adv. [wɪˋðɪn] 在...之內
Inside (something). / Inside a particular period of time. (在（某物）內部。/ 在特定時間段內。)
That question is not within the scope of our discussion. (那個問題不在我們討論範圍之內。)
without prep. [wɪˋðaʊt] 沒有
Not having or including something. (沒有或不包括某物。)
Don't leave without saying goodbye. (不要不告而別。)
介系詞小總結：
- 介系詞非常重要，但用法也很多變，是學習英文時需要持續留意和練習的部分！
- 很多介系詞同時也有副詞或其他詞性，需要從句子結構來判斷。
between用於兩者之間，among用於三者或以上之間。beside指「在旁邊」，besides指「除了...還有」。but和except作為介系詞時意思相近，都表示「除了...之外」。till是until的簡寫；upon是on的正式用法；round可同 `around`。- 多閱讀、多聽、多注意母語人士如何使用介系詞，是最好的學習方法！