問問題的基礎 5W1H (What, Who, Where, When, Why, How)

文法小教室 : 問問題的基礎 5W1H (What, Who, Where, When, Why, How)

懂得「問問題」也非常重要!問問題可以幫助我們獲得需要的資訊、開啟對話。今天,我們就要來認識英文問句中最核心的六個好朋友:5W1H!

認識 5W1H (Getting to Know 5W1H)

5W1H 指的就是以下這六個疑問詞,它們分別用來詢問不同的資訊:

1. What (什麼)

用來詢問關於「事物」、「動作」、「想法」或「資訊」等。

  • What is this? (這是什麼?) - It's a book.
  • What is your name? (你叫什麼名字?) - My name is Lisa.
  • What do you like? (你喜歡什麼?) - I like apples.
  • What time is it? (現在幾點?) - It's ten o'clock.

2. Who (誰)

用來詢問關於「人」的身份。

  • Who is he? (他是誰?) - He is my brother.
  • Who is that girl? (那個女孩是誰?) - She is my friend, Amy.
  • Who is calling? (是誰打來的?) - It's Mom.

3. Where (哪裡)

用來詢問「地點」或「位置」。

  • Where are you? (你在哪裡?) - I am at home.
  • Where is the book? (書在哪裡?) - It's on the desk.
  • Where do you live? (你住在哪裡?) - I live in Taipei.

4. When (何時)

用來詢問「時間」。

  • When is your birthday? (你的生日是什麼時候?) - It's on October 10th.
  • When do you usually wake up? (你通常什麼時候起床?) - I usually wake up at 7 AM.
  • When will you come back? (你什麼時候會回來?) - I will come back tomorrow.

5. Why (為什麼)

用來詢問「原因」。回答時通常會用 Because... (因為...) 開頭。

  • Why are you late? (你為什麼遲到?) - Because I missed the bus.
  • Why do you like English? (你為什麼喜歡英文?) - Because it's interesting.
  • Why is she crying? (她為什麼在哭?) - Because she lost her toy.

6. How (如何;怎麼樣;多少)

How 的用法比較多元,可以詢問「方式」、「狀態」、「程度」等。

  • 詢問方式/方法:
    How do you go to school? (你怎麼去學校?) - I go by bus.
  • 詢問狀態/情況:
    How are you? (你好嗎?) - I am fine, thank you.
  • 詢問程度/數量 (常與形容詞或副詞連用):
    How old are you? (你幾歲?) - I am ten years old.
    How tall is he? (他多高?) - He is 180 cm tall.
    How many books do you have? (你有多少本書?) - I have five books.
    How much is this bag? (這個包包多少錢?) - It's $500.

練習 1:填入正確的疑問詞 (What, Who, Where, When, Why, How)

  1. _______ is your favorite color?
  2. _______ is sitting next to you?
  3. _______ do you live?
  4. _______ is the party?
  5. _______ are you crying?
  6. _______ old is your brother?

解答:1. What 2. Who 3. Where 4. When 5. Why 6. How

練習 2:配對問題與答案

  1. How many apples do you have?
  2. Where is the cat?
  3. Why are you happy?
  • ( ) Because I got a present.
  • ( ) It's under the table.
  • ( ) I have three apples.

解答:1. I have three apples. 2. It's under the table. 3. Because I got a present.

5W1H 小總結:

  • 掌握這六個疑問詞,就能問出大部分你想知道的資訊!
  • What 問事物,Who 問人,Where 問地點,When 問時間,Why 問原因,How 問方式/狀態/程度。
  • 多練習用 5W1H 造問句,你的英文溝通能力會大大提升喔!

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