Be 動詞的過去式 (was/were)

「昨天是晴天」、「他那時很快樂」這樣「過去」的事情呢？這時候，Be 動詞就要變身成它們的過去式：was 和 were！

一、認識 was 和 were (Meet was and were)

was 和 were 就是 am, is, are 的「過去式」形態。

• am 和 is 的過去式 → was
• are 的過去式 → were

它們同樣是用來表示過去的「身份」、「狀態」、「描述」或「位置」。

二、主詞與動詞的一致性 (Subject-Verb Agreement)

就像現在式一樣，過去式的 Be 動詞也要跟主詞搭配好！

規則表：

• 主詞是 I / He / She / It / 單數名詞 → 用 was
  例：I was tired yesterday. (我昨天很累。)
  例：She was happy to see him. (她看到他很高興。)
  例：The cat was under the table. (貓那時在桌子底下。)
• 主詞是 You / We / They / 複數名詞 → 用 were
  例：You were late this morning. (你今天早上遲到了。)
  例：We were good friends. (我們以前是好朋友。)
  例：The books were on the shelf. (那些書之前在架子上。)

練習 1：選擇正確的 Be 動詞過去式 (was/were)

1. He _____ sick last week.
2. They _____ at the park yesterday afternoon.
3. I _____ very busy this morning.
4. The windows _____ open.
5. She _____ my English teacher last year.

解答：1. was 2. were 3. was 4. were 5. was

三、句型變化 (Sentence Structures: Affirmative, Negative, Question)

學會了主詞動詞搭配，我們來看看 `was` 和 `were` 的各種句型。

1. 肯定句 (Affirmative Sentences)

直接敘述過去的事實或狀態。

句型： 主詞 + was/were + ...

• I was hungry.
• It was sunny yesterday.
• They were classmates.

2. 否定句 (Negative Sentences)

表示過去「不是」或「沒有」。直接在 was/were 後面加上 not。

句型： 主詞 + was/were + not + ...

縮寫 (Contractions)：

• was not → wasn't
• were not → weren't

例句：

• He was not home. (或 He wasn't home.)
• She was not happy. (或 She wasn't happy.)
• We were not tired. (或 We weren't tired.)

3. Yes/No 疑問句 (Interrogative Sentences)

提出可以用 Yes 或 No 回答的過去式問題。將 Was/Were 移到主詞前面。

句型： Was/Were + 主詞 + ...?

例句：

• Was he at school yesterday? (他昨天在學校嗎？)
• Were you busy last night? (你昨晚忙嗎？)
• Was the movie good? (電影好看嗎？)

4. 簡答 (Short Answers)

回答 Yes/No 疑問句的簡潔方式。

句型：

• Yes, 主詞(代名詞) + was/were.
• No, 主詞(代名詞) + wasn't/weren't.

例句：

• A: Was she happy?
• B: Yes, she was. / No, she wasn't.
• A: Were they students?
• B: Yes, they were. / No, they weren't.

練習 2：改寫句子

1. She was at home. (改成否定句) →
2. They were happy. (改成疑問句) →
3. Was he tired? (肯定簡答) →
4. Were you there? (否定簡答) →

解答：1. She was not (wasn't) at home. 2. Were they happy? 3. Yes, he was. 4. No, I wasn't / No, we weren't. (根據問句的 you 是單數或複數)

was/were 小總結：

• was 和 were 是 Be 動詞的過去式。
• 主詞動詞一致很重要：I/He/She/It/單數 + was；You/We/They/複數 + were。
• 否定句加 not (wasn't/weren't)，疑問句把 Was/Were 移到句首。
• 學會 was/were，就能開始描述過去的事情囉！