基本元素與現象 (Basic Elements & Phenomena)
nature n. [ˋnetʃɚ] 自然；天性
All the plants, animals, and things that exist in the universe, not made by people. (宇宙中存在的、非人造的所有植物、動物及事物。)
We should protect nature. (我們應該保護自然。)
It's his nature to be kind. (善良是他的天性。)
world n. [wɝld] 世界
The earth, together with all of its countries and people. (地球及其所有的國家和人民。)
There are many different cultures around the world. (世界各地有許多不同的文化。)
earth n. [ɝθ] 地球；土地；泥土
The planet we live on; the land surface; soil. (我們居住的行星；陸地表面；土壤。)
The Earth goes around the Sun. (地球繞著太陽轉。)
He dug into the earth. (他往土裡挖。)
sky n. [skaɪ] 天空
The space above the earth that you see when you look up. (抬頭看時，地球上方的空間。)
The sky is blue today. (今天天空是藍色的。)
sun n. [sʌn] 太陽
The star that the Earth moves around and that gives the Earth heat and light. (地球圍繞其運轉並給予地球光和熱的恆星。)
The sun rises in the east. (太陽從東方升起。)
moon n. [mun] 月亮
The round object that moves around the Earth and shines at night. (圍繞地球運轉並在夜晚發光的圓形物體。)
The moon is bright tonight. (今晚月色很亮。)
star n. [stɑr] 星星
A large ball of burning gas in space that we see as a point of light in the sky at night. (太空中燃燒的巨大氣體球，夜晚在天空中我們看到的光點。)
Look at the stars! They are beautiful. (看那些星星！它們好美。)
air n. [ɛr] 空氣 (不可數)
The mixture of gases that surrounds the Earth and that we breathe. (圍繞地球、我們呼吸的氣體混合物。)
We need fresh air. (我們需要新鮮空氣。)
fire n. [faɪr] 火；火災
Heat, light, and flames produced when something burns. (某物燃燒時產生的熱、光和火焰。)
Be careful when playing with fire. (玩火時要小心。)
A fire broke out in the building. (大樓發生了火災。)
wind n. [wɪnd] 風
Moving air. (流動的空氣。)
The wind is blowing strongly today. (今天風刮得很大。)
rain n. [ren] 雨 v. 下雨
Water falling in drops from clouds in the sky. / When rain falls. (從天上雲層落下的水滴。/ 雨落下時。)
Take an umbrella because of the rain. (因為下雨，帶把傘吧。)
It started to rain heavily. (開始下大雨了。)
snow n. [sno] 雪 v. 下雪
Soft white pieces of frozen water that fall from the sky in cold weather. / When snow falls. (寒冷天氣從空中落下的柔軟白色冰凍水片。/ 雪落下時。)
Children like playing in the snow. (小孩喜歡在雪中玩耍。)
It doesn't snow often in Taiwan. (台灣不常下雪。)
fog n. [fɑɡ] 霧
Thick cloud close to the land or sea that makes it difficult to see. (靠近陸地或海、使視線困難的濃雲。)
The airport was closed because of heavy fog. (機場因濃霧關閉。)
storm n. [stɔrm] 暴風雨；風暴
Very bad weather with strong winds and rain, and often thunder and lightning. (有強風和雨，常伴隨雷電的惡劣天氣。)
A big storm is coming. (一場大風暴即將來臨。)
light n. [laɪt] 光線；燈 adj. 輕的；淺色的 v. 點燃
The brightness that comes from the sun, fire, or lamps. / Not heavy. / Pale in colour. / To start burning. (來自太陽、火或燈的亮度。/ 不重的。/ 顏色淺的。/ 開始燃燒。)
Turn on the light, please. (請開燈。)
This box is very light. (這個箱子很輕。)
I prefer light blue. (我比較喜歡淺藍色。)
He lit a candle. (他點燃了一根蠟燭。過去式 lit)
地形與景觀 (Landforms & Landscapes)
land n. [lænd] 陸地；土地 v. 登陸；降落
The part of the Earth's surface that is not covered by water. / To arrive on land or a surface after flying or falling. (地球表面未被水覆蓋的部分。/ 在飛行或墜落後到達陸地或表面。)
After weeks at sea, they finally saw land. (在海上數週後，他們終於看到了陸地。)
The plane will land in ten minutes. (飛機將在十分鐘後降落。)
ground n. [ɡraʊnd] 地面；土地
The solid surface of the earth. (地球的固體表面。)
Don't sit on the wet ground. (不要坐在濕地上。)
soil n. [sɔɪl] 土壤
The material on the surface of the ground in which plants grow. (地表供植物生長的物質。)
This kind of soil is good for growing vegetables. (這種土壤很適合種蔬菜。)
mountain n. [ˋmaʊntn] 山
A very high hill. (非常高的山丘。)
We plan to climb the mountain next weekend. (我們計畫下週末去爬那座山。)
hill n. [hɪl] 小山丘
An area of land that is higher than the surrounding land, but smaller than a mountain. (比周圍土地高，但比山小的陸地區域。)
Their house is on a hill overlooking the city. (他們的房子在一座俯瞰城市的小山上。)
island n. [ˋaɪlənd] 島嶼
A piece of land completely surrounded by water. (完全被水環繞的陸地。)
Taiwan is a beautiful island. (台灣是個美麗的島嶼。)
river n. [ˋrɪvɚ] 河流
A large natural flow of water that goes into the sea, a lake, or another river. (流入海洋、湖泊或其他河流的大型自然水流。)
We went fishing in the river. (我們去河裡釣魚。)
stream n. [strim] 溪流
A small, narrow river. (小而窄的河流。)
Children are playing in the stream. (孩子們在溪流裡玩耍。)
lake n. [lek] 湖泊
A large area of water surrounded by land. (被陸地環繞的大面積水域。)
They went boating on the lake. (他們去湖上划船。)
pond n. [pɑnd] 池塘
An area of water smaller than a lake, often artificial. (比湖泊小的水域，通常是人造的。)
There are ducks swimming in the pond. (池塘裡有鴨子在游泳。)
sea n. [si] 海洋
The large body of salt water that covers most of the Earth's surface. (覆蓋地球大部分表面的大片鹹水水體。)
We can hear the sound of the sea. (我們可以聽到海洋的聲音。)
ocean n. [ˋoʃən] 海洋；大洋
A very large area of sea. (非常大的海洋區域。)
The Pacific Ocean is the largest ocean in the world. (太平洋是世界上最大的海洋。)
beach n. [bitʃ] 海灘；沙灘
An area of sand or small stones beside the sea or a lake. (海邊或湖邊的沙子或小石頭區域。)
Let's go to the beach this weekend! (我們這週末去海灘吧！)
coast n. [kost] 海岸；海岸線
The land next to or close to the sea. (鄰近或靠近海洋的陸地。)
We drove along the east coast of Taiwan. (我們沿著台灣東海岸開車。)
sand n. [sænd] 沙子 (不可數)
Very small grains of rock found on beaches and in deserts. (在海灘和沙漠中發現的非常小的岩石顆粒。)
Children love playing with sand. (小孩喜歡玩沙。)
desert n. [ˋdɛzɚt] 沙漠
A large area of land with little water and few plants. (水很少、植物稀少的大片土地。)
Camels are often used for transport in the desert. (駱駝常被用於在沙漠中運輸。)
forest n. [ˋfɔrɪst] 森林
A large area covered with trees. (覆蓋著樹木的大片區域。)
We went for a walk in the forest. (我們去森林裡散步。)
field n. [fild] 田野；領域
An area of open land, especially one planted with crops or pasture. (開闊的土地，尤指種植莊稼或牧草的。)
There are many cows in the field. (田野裡有很多牛。)
He is an expert in the field of medicine. (他是醫學領域的專家。)
countryside n. [ˋkʌntrɪ͵saɪd] 鄉村；郊外
Land and scenery outside towns and cities. (城鎮以外的土地和風景。)
They enjoy living in the peaceful countryside. (他們喜歡住在寧靜的鄉村。)
path n. [pæθ] 小徑；路徑
A way or track laid down for walking or made by continual treading. (供行走的路或小道。)
Follow this path through the woods. (沿著這條小徑穿過樹林。)
rock n. [rɑk] 岩石
The hard solid material forming part of the surface of the Earth. (構成地球表面一部分的堅硬固體物質。)
He climbed up the large rock. (他爬上了那塊大岩石。)
stone n. [ston] 石頭
Hard solid non-metallic mineral matter, found in the ground. (在地下發現的堅硬固體非金屬礦物質。)
He threw a stone into the water. (他向水裡扔了一塊石頭。)
wood n. [wʊd] 木頭；樹林 (樹林常用複數 woods)
The hard fibrous material forming the main substance of trees. / An area of land covered with trees. (構成樹木主要物質的堅硬纖維材料。/ 覆蓋樹木的土地區域。)
This table is made of wood. (這張桌子是木頭做的。)
We went for a walk in the woods. (我們去樹林裡散步。)
植物相關 (Plants)
plant n. [plænt] 植物 v. 種植
A living thing that grows in the earth and has a stem, leaves, and roots. / To put plants or seeds in the ground to grow. (生長在土地中，有莖、葉、根的生物。/ 將植物或種子放入地下使其生長。)
Water the plants every day. (每天給植物澆水。)
We planted some trees in the garden. (我們在花園裡種了一些樹。)
tree n. [tri] 樹
A tall plant with a thick wooden stem and branches. (有粗木質莖和樹枝的高大植物。)
There are many tall trees in the park. (公園裡有很多高大的樹。)
branch n. [bræntʃ] 樹枝；分店
A part of a tree growing out from the trunk. / One of the offices or shops of a large company. (從樹幹長出的樹的一部分。/ 大公司的一個辦公室或商店。)
A bird is singing on the branch. (一隻鳥在樹枝上唱歌。)
The bank has branches all over the city. (這家銀行在全市各地都有分行。)
root n. [rut] 根
The part of a plant that grows underground. (植物生長在地下的部分。)
The roots absorb water from the soil. (根從土壤中吸收水分。)
leaf n. [lif] 葉子 (複數: leaves [livz])
A flat green part of a plant, joined to a stem or branch. (連接在莖或枝上的扁平綠色部分。)
The leaves turn yellow in autumn. (葉子在秋天變黃。)
flower n. [ˋflaʊɚ] 花
The coloured part of a plant from which the seed or fruit develops. (植物產生種子或果實的有色部分。)
She received a bouquet of beautiful flowers. (她收到一束美麗的花。)
rose n. [roz] 玫瑰
A type of flower with a sweet smell, often used as a symbol of love. (一種有香味的花，常被用作愛的象徵。)
He gave her a red rose. (他給了她一朵紅玫瑰。)
grass n. [ɡræs] 草地；草 (通常不可數)
A common plant with narrow green leaves that grows in fields and gardens. (田野和花園中生長的有狹窄綠葉的常見植物。)
The children are playing on the grass. (孩子們在草地上玩耍。)
seed n. [sid] 種子
A small object produced by a plant from which a new plant can grow. (植物產生的小物體，可以長成新的植物。)
Plant the seeds in spring. (在春天播種。)
maple n. [ˋmep!] 楓樹；楓木
A type of tree with leaves that have five points and turn red or yellow in autumn. (一種葉子有五個尖角、秋天會變紅或變黃的樹。)
The Canadian flag has a maple leaf on it. (加拿大國旗上有楓葉。)
詞彙小叮嚀：
- 大自然有許多美麗的景觀，學會這些單字可以幫助你描述它們！
- 注意 `leaf` 的複數是 `leaves`。
- 有些詞彙有多重意思，例如 `fire` (火/火災), `light` (光/燈/輕的/點燃), `land` (陸地/登陸), `wood` (木頭/樹林), `branch` (樹枝/分店), `field` (田野/領域)。