連接詞與相關句型大集合

想表達更複雜的意思，像是「因為...所以...」、「雖然...但是...」、「不但...而且...」？這時候就需要「連接詞」(Conjunctions) 和一些相關的句型來幫忙！它們就像是句子的黏著劑，可以把單字、片語或句子漂亮地連接起來！

一、基礎連接詞 (Basic Conjunctions)

這些是最常見的連接詞，用來連接對等的單字、片語或簡單句。

• and (和；而且)：用來連接兩個相似或相關的概念。
  例：I like apples and bananas. (我喜歡蘋果和香蕉。)
  例：He is tall and strong. (他又高又壯。)
• but (但是)：用來連接兩個相反或對比的概念。
  例：She is smart but lazy. (她很聰明，但是很懶惰。)
  例：I want to go, but I don't have time. (我想去，但是我沒時間。)
• or (或者)：用來提供選擇。
  例：Do you want tea or coffee? (你想要茶還是咖啡？)
  例：We can watch TV or play games. (我們可以看電視或玩遊戲。)
• so (所以)：用來表示結果。前面的子句是原因，後面的子句是結果。
  例：It was raining, so we stayed home. (因為在下雨，所以我們待在家裡。)
• because (因為)：用來表示原因。它引導的是一個「從屬子句」，說明前面主要子句的原因。
  例：We stayed home because it was raining. (我們待在家裡，因為在下雨。)

練習 1：填入 and, but, or, so, 或 because

1. I like cats, _______ my brother likes dogs.
2. She was tired, _______ she went to bed early.
3. Do you want to eat noodles _______ rice?
4. He studied hard _______ he passed the exam.

解答：1. but 2. so 3. or 4. because (或 and/so 根據語氣)

二、表示時間、條件、讓步的連接詞

這些連接詞用來引導「從屬子句」，說明主要子句發生的時間、條件或對比情況。

• when (當...的時候)：指某個特定的時間點。
  例：Call me when you get home. (你到家時打給我。)
• while (當...的時候)：指一段持續的時間，常與進行式連用。
  例：My phone rang while I was taking a shower. (我正在洗澡時，電話響了。)
• before (在...之前)
  例：Brush your teeth before you go to bed. (睡覺前刷牙。)
• after (在...之後)
  例：I felt tired after I finished the work. (我完成工作後覺得很累。)
• until / till (直到...為止)
  例：Let's wait until the rain stops. (我們等到雨停吧。)
• if (如果)：表示條件。
  例：If you study hard, you will pass the exam. (如果你認真讀書，你就會通過考試。)
• although / though (雖然；儘管)：表示讓步或對比。
  例：Although he is young, he is very smart. (雖然他很年輕，但他很聰明。)

練習 2：選擇正確的連接詞

1. I will call you _______ I finish my homework. (A. when B. while C. although)
2. _______ it was cold, she didn't wear a coat. (A. Because B. If C. Although)
3. Don't talk _______ you are eating. (A. until B. while C. before)

解答：1. A 2. C 3. B

三、表示「兩者/全部」：both / all

• both ... and ... (兩者都)：連接兩個對等的字詞或片語。
  例：Both my brother and my sister like music. (我哥哥和我姊姊都喜歡音樂。)
  例：She is both smart and beautiful. (她既聰明又漂亮。)
  例：Both of the books are interesting. (兩本書都很有趣。)
• all (全部；所有)：指三個或以上的人事物，或不可數名詞的全部。
  例：All students must wear uniforms. (所有學生都必須穿制服。)
  例：I spent all my money. (我花光了所有的錢。)
  例：All of the food was delicious. (所有的食物都很好吃。)

四、表示「也/也不」：too / either / so / neither

1. too / either (放在句尾)

• too (也)：用在「肯定句」句尾。
  例：A: I like ice cream. B: I like ice cream, too.
• either (也不)：用在「否定句」句尾。
  例：A: I don't like spiders. B: I don't like spiders, either.

2. so / neither (倒裝句型，放句首)

• So + 助動詞/Be動詞 + 主詞 (也；表示前面肯定的情況也適用於另一個人)：
  例：A: I am tired. B: So am I. (我也是。)
  例：A: She can swim. B: So can my brother. (我弟弟也是。)
  例：A: They went to the park. B: So did we. (我們也是。)
• Neither + 助動詞/Be動詞 + 主詞 (也不；表示前面否定的情況也適用於另一個人)：
  例：A: I am not hungry. B: Neither am I. (我也不是。)
  例：A: He can't speak French. B: Neither can she. (她也不是。)
  例：A: We didn't see the movie. B: Neither did they. (他們也不是。)

練習 3：完成句子

1. A: I love chocolate. B: Me _______! / _______ do I!
2. A: She isn't going to the party. B: _______ is her brother. / Her brother isn't going, _______.

解答：1. too / So 2. Neither / either

五、加強語氣：not only... but also...

表示「不僅...而且...」，用來連接兩個對等且相關的部分，有強調的作用。

句型： S + V + not only + A but also + B (A 和 B 的詞性或結構要一致)

• He is not only rich but also famous. (他不僅有錢，而且有名。) (連接形容詞)
• She not only sings well but also dances beautifully. (她不僅歌唱得好，舞也跳得美。) (連接動詞片語)
• Not only you but also he is wrong. (不僅你錯了，他也錯了。) (連接主詞時，動詞靠近 but also 後面的主詞)

(also 有時可以省略)

練習 4：用 not only... but also... 合併句子

1. He can play the piano. He can play the guitar. →
2. The movie was interesting. The movie was exciting. →

解答：1. He can play not only the piano but also the guitar. 2. The movie was not only interesting but also exciting.

連接詞與相關句型小總結：

• 基礎連接詞 and, but, or, so, because 是構成句子的基本。
• 時間/條件/讓步連接詞 when, while, if, although 等引導從屬子句，讓句子更豐富。
• both/all 強調「兩者/全部」。
• too/either 放句尾；so/neither 放句首倒裝，注意肯定與否定。
• not only... but also... 強調「不僅...而且...」，注意連接部分的對稱。
• 善用這些連接方式，你的英文表達就能更流暢、更有邏輯！